Breaking ice shelves - Larsen B

This is the larsen Ice shelf. It is divided into three by name Larsen A,B & C. Larsen A, the smallest one has already collapsed in 1995 while Larsen B partly collapsed in 2002. Larsen C is the largest one and seems stable but scientists argue that if the current warming trend goes on, this shelf will also disintegrate soon. These are all caused by global warming only as avg temperature around antartics increased by 2.5 degree celsius.The larsen ice shelf B covered a massive area of 3750 sq.km, it was 200 m high and weighed approximately 500 billion tonnes.

Even though the ice shelfs have been melting and breaking up for long time, Larsen B just took within 3 weeks to completely disintegrate and that surprised the scientific community as well.

If an ice shelf breaks up. there will not be any sea level changes since they themselves are floating on the seas, But if the land ice which is guarded by the ice shelfs come down onto the sea releasing the freshwater, this could cause dramatic increase in the sea level around the world.

It could submerge many islands and displace lot of people from countries like Bangladesh, Netherlands and many other low lying countries.

These regions( artics & antartics) are like thermostats to our planet. They control the temperature of the planet by their melt- freeze cycles. In summer they melt releasing large amount of freshwater into the ocean and thus redistributing the heat of the sun and the tropics with all the sea as well as the air currents. If this cycle is disturbed in anyway at all it will have a devastating impact on the global climate pattern which is already changing fast.

More pictures available at

http://www.jonbowermaster.com/photo/gallery/2009-02-larsen_ice/larsen_ice.php#DSC_0112.jpg

More proof??? Eat this !!!!!!!!!

rainforests  in the left.

Icecaps melting in the right....

Conservation is the order of the day……..!

               
               Everybody is running after new resources or new sources of power generation.Development is essential for all countries and need of energy is inevitable,but if it is at the expense of degrading environment…it would only lead to under-development.Some say solar energy should be used more efficently,while others are talking about wind and tidal energy!So calculating the time usually required for the feadibility study,technology to improve and efiicent implementation of these projects very large amount of valuable time would have been lost.So wat to do?

                  
Lets analyze what all sources of power we have.

 1)Fossil fuels
      
             As we all know,the most abundant energy reserves which includes’ Black gold’,Coal..etc.And we also know they are the reason we are living in this level of comfort also this climate crisis we are facing.The whole world is trying to cut down its consumption of fossil fuels because it is not renewable so it is getting exhausted.so the question of more fossilfuels is ruled out.Now that the crude oil prices are hitting record highs everybody including ordinary person is thinking of alternative sources of energy,including Conservation.

      Coal

              Evergrowing need for energy is propelling the countries for anything they can muster.India and china are fast developing countries with huge energy requirements which are also increasing.Further both these nations have rich supplies of coal. World’s largest coal mines are found in china.

Coal is used in Thermal power plants.

a) coal is burnt and water is boiled
b) Boiled water becomes steam
c) Steam is transported to turbines for current generation

This is the process which goes on in a thermal power plant.The process has an alarmingly low efficency of 30%. Further after generation is the transport problem.We have to transport the current generated from power station to sub stations at 220KV ,without much loss.Finally it arrives at our homes at 230 V after undergoing all that power loss,only to be wasted again. So we canot think of relying on more coal fr "clean" energy.
So next time u go to switch on your geyser or immersion rod think about that 30% efficiency, and boil it with a LPG stove if you can.Saves a lot of energy…….and money!

RENEWABLE ENERGY USAGE FOR ELECTRICITY

Hydro                             16.6%

Combustibles                 1.1%

& renewables   

 Geothermal                   0.3%

 Solar/Wind/Others      0.3%  

WORLD ELECTRICITY GENERATION SOURCES

Oil                    8%

Nuclear           17%

Gas                  18%

Renewables   18.3%

& wastes

Coal                 39%

1. 
   

 2)Hydro Electricity
  

               It is the till now the only renewable source tapped to a good extent for energy needs.For this large sources of water and area is needed to store water.Large area required is a major problem in many cases , because it would consume the land including forests and all the biodiversity along with the residents living in the area surrounding it.So again rehabilitation becomes a problem along with biodiversity loss.So lets keep it there.Latin american countries stand 5th in hydro electricity production.Due to these two concerns hydro electricity also has its limitations.

3)Wind Energy

             This also is a viable option provided you have large amount of land unfit for farming or residence.This can be a problem in most of the cases.Also the area should have constant wind.Thus wind farms are suitable for dry countries where vast unarable land is present.In india with so much people , sparing land is not the easiest of the tasks.

4)Solar energy/Geothermal/Tidal....

            Currently from solar and wind energy india produces about 32 GWh of electricity- 0.3 % of total energy required.So we can see how much pathetic we are in that field.Immense reserves lie untapped in solar energy.Solar cookers and lights are now more used by public and for street lights  & traffic signals in india which is a very positive move.

            Geothermal reserves are not much in india and not much commercially viable.Tidal energy technlogy is only in its stages of infancy so long time to make it commercially possible.


So anything else...no more sources we can think of.....

         ONLY THING WE CAN DO IS CONSERVE THE ENERGY.
                         
                                 REDUSE-REUSE-RECYCLE.

Reduce the wastage of energy
Reuse whatever resources possible.
Recycle all materials possible , including energy.

• Switch off unnecessary lights & fans in your house.

• Use LPG instead of geysers and immersion rods whenever possible.

• Buy only energy efficient appliances like CFL instead of Incandescent laps.

• Keep your gas burners properly cleaned periodically to avoid wastage of energy.
• Keep your vehicles tuned so that fuel loss can be avoided and they give maximum mileage.

• Whenever caught in a traffic jam or waiting for the traffic signal try not to keep your engine running idly wasting precious fuel.Travel in the right speeds at proper gears.
  
• Try to plant maximum no: plants and increase greencover in whatever way possibble.
• Whenever possible take a cycle or walk the distances if time permits.In that way your body also remains fitter.

With all these measures to CONSERVE energy , Lets hope for a cleaner earth.

Global warming is Natural ,but............

What do you have to say about this????





Or this???
 


In Jus a few decades these changes have happened, so when are we going to act.....?

Other side of global warming!!!

Global warming as everyone knows causes unprecedented increase in temperature.But many dont realize that it also causes an increased amount of evaporation and uneven precipitation.Along with the evaporation from the water bodies it also takes up the moisture from the landmasses which leads to land becoming dry and parched,useless for cultivation.We saw that the in recent years there was a massive flooding in mumbai while andhra pradesh had it's worst heat wave.This year(2008) also saw mumbai getting rains earlier than expected getting flooded a bit.

      Japan in 2005 also recieved the maximum no: of typhoons ever - 10.USA also had its share with largest no: of hurricanes ever recorded.- 7000 odd
      Global warming not only increases precipitation but also redistributes it.2-3 yrs back in china while one province was getting terribly flooded , a neighbouring province suffered a worst ever drought which cracked the earth like nothing before.So did we observe these before?and even if we observed it we would dismiss as something occasionally off the track.Lets face it,its not occasional,its gonna be permanent unless we do something now.

In the Africa , we can see very very bad tragedies due to temperature rise.Sudan , Niger , Darfur are the nations right on the tropical belt which have suffered most.These nations have experienced worst ever drought ever recorded. One reason among many is the drying up of lake Chad which was very large and now just look at it.

 


So you see what a difference in just 40 yrs....................Think my frnds ..think..time to act or face the consequences.

Committment is what we require......

This is 2007 Nobel peace prize winner Al gore's speech made at the award ceremony.

Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Honorable members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee, Excellencies, Ladies and gentlemen.I have a purpose here today. It is a purpose I have tried to serve for many years. I have prayed that God would show me a way to accomplish it.

Sometimes, without warning, the future knocks on our door with a precious and painful vision of what might be. One hundred and nineteen years ago, a wealthy inventor read his own obituary, mistakenly published years before his death. Wrongly believing the inventor had just died, a newspaper printed a harsh judgment of his life’s work, unfairly labeling him “The Merchant of Death” because of his invention — dynamite. Shaken by this condemnation, the inventor made a fateful choice to serve the cause of peace.

Seven years later, Alfred Nobel created this prize and the others that bear his name.Seven years ago tomorrow, I read my own political obituary in a judgment that seemed to me harsh and mistaken — if not premature. But that unwelcome verdict also brought a precious if painful gift: an opportunity to search for fresh new ways to serve my purpose.

Unexpectedly, that quest has brought me here. Even though I fear my words cannot match this moment, I pray what I am feeling in my heart will be communicated clearly enough that those who hear me will say, “We must act.”

The distinguished scientists with whom it is the greatest honor of my life to share this award have laid before us a choice between two different futures — a choice that to my ears echoes the words of an ancient prophet: “Life or death, blessings or curses. Therefore, choose life, that both thou and thy seed may live.”

We, the human species, are confronting a planetary emergency — a threat to the survival of our civilization that is gathering ominous and destructive potential even as we gather here. But there is hopeful news as well: we have the ability to solve this crisis and avoid the worst — though not all — of its consequences, if we act boldly, decisively and quickly.

However, despite a growing number of honorable exceptions, too many of the world’s leaders are still best described in the words Winston Churchill applied to those who ignored Adolf Hitler’s threat: “They go on in strange paradox, decided only to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, adamant for drift, solid for fluidity, all powerful to be impotent.”

So today, we dumped another 70 million tons of global-warming pollution into the thin shell of atmosphere surrounding our planet, as if it were an open sewer. And tomorrow, we will dump a slightly larger amount, with the cumulative concentrations now trapping more and more heat from the sun.

As a result, the earth has a fever. And the fever is rising. The experts have told us it is not a passing affliction that will heal by itself. We asked for a second opinion. And a third. And a fourth. And the consistent conclusion, restated with increasing alarm, is that something basic is wrong.

We are what is wrong, and we must make it right.

Last September 21, as the Northern Hemisphere tilted away from the sun, scientists reported with unprecedented distress that the North Polar ice cap is “falling off a cliff.” One study estimated that it could be completely gone during summer in less than 22 years. Another new study, to be presented by U.S. Navy researchers later this week, warns it could happen in as little as 7 years.

Seven years from now.

In the last few months, it has been harder and harder to misinterpret the signs that our world is spinning out of kilter. Major cities in North and South America, Asia and Australia are nearly out of water due to massive droughts and melting glaciers. Desperate farmers are losing their livelihoods. Peoples in the frozen Arctic and on low-lying Pacific islands are planning evacuations of places they have long called home. Unprecedented wildfires have forced a half million people from their homes in one country and caused a national emergency that almost brought down the government in another. Climate refugees have migrated into areas already inhabited by people with different cultures, religions, and traditions, increasing the potential for conflict. Stronger storms in the Pacific and Atlantic have threatened whole cities. Millions have been displaced by massive flooding in South Asia, Mexico, and 18 countries in Africa. As temperature extremes have increased, tens of thousands have lost their lives. We are recklessly burning and clearing our forests and driving more and more species into extinction. The very web of life on which we depend is being ripped and frayed.

We never intended to cause all this destruction, just as Alfred Nobel never intended that dynamite be used for waging war. He had hoped his invention would promote human progress. We shared that same worthy goal when we began burning massive quantities of coal, then oil and methane.

Even in Nobel’s time, there were a few warnings of the likely consequences. One of the very first winners of the Prize in chemistry worried that, “We are evaporating our coal mines into the air.” After performing 10,000 equations by hand, Svante Arrhenius calculated that the earth’s average temperature would increase by many degrees if we doubled the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere.

Seventy years later, my teacher, Roger Revelle, and his colleague, Dave Keeling, began to precisely document the increasing CO2 levels day by day.

But unlike most other forms of pollution, CO2 is invisible, tasteless, and odorless — which has helped keep the truth about what it is doing to our climate out of sight and out of mind. Moreover, the catastrophe now threatening us is unprecedented — and we often confuse the unprecedented with the improbable.

We also find it hard to imagine making the massive changes that are now necessary to solve the crisis. And when large truths are genuinely inconvenient, whole societies can, at least for a time, ignore them. Yet as George Orwell reminds us: “Sooner or later a false belief bumps up against solid reality, usually on a battlefield.”

In the years since this prize was first awarded, the entire relationship between humankind and the earth has been radically transformed. And still, we have remained largely oblivious to the impact of our cumulative actions.

Indeed, without realizing it, we have begun to wage war on the earth itself. Now, we and the earth’s climate are locked in a relationship familiar to war planners: “Mutually assured destruction.”

More than two decades ago, scientists calculated that nuclear war could throw so much debris and smoke into the air that it would block life-giving sunlight from our atmosphere, causing a “nuclear winter.” Their eloquent warnings here in Oslo helped galvanize the world’s resolve to halt the nuclear arms race.

Now science is warning us that if we do not quickly reduce the global warming pollution that is trapping so much of the heat our planet normally radiates back out of the atmosphere, we are in danger of creating a permanent “carbon summer.”

As the American poet Robert Frost wrote, “Some say the world will end in fire; some say in ice.” Either, he notes, “would suffice.”But neither need be our fate. It is time to make peace with the planet.

We must quickly mobilize our civilization with the urgency and resolve that has previously been seen only when nations mobilized for war. These prior struggles for survival were won when leaders found words at the 11th hour that released a mighty surge of courage, hope and readiness to sacrifice for a protracted and mortal challenge.

These were not comforting and misleading assurances that the threat was not real or imminent; that it would affect others but not ourselves; that ordinary life might be lived even in the presence of extraordinary threat; that Providence could be trusted to do for us what we would not do for ourselves.

No, these were calls to come to the defense of the common future. They were calls upon the courage, generosity and strength of entire peoples, citizens of every class and condition who were ready to stand against the threat once asked to do so. Our enemies in those times calculated that free people would not rise to the challenge; they were, of course, catastrophically wrong.

Now comes the threat of climate crisis — a threat that is real, rising, imminent, and universal. Once again, it is the 11th hour. The penalties for ignoring this challenge are immense and growing, and at some near point would be unsustainable and unrecoverable. For now we still have the power to choose our fate, and the remaining question is only this: Have we the will to act vigorously and in time, or will we remain imprisoned by a dangerous illusion?

Mahatma Gandhi awakened the largest democracy on earth and forged a shared resolve with what he called “Satyagraha” — or “truth force.”In every land, the truth — once known — has the power to set us free.Truth also has the power to unite us and bridge the distance between “me” and “we,” creating the basis for common effort and shared responsibility.There is an African proverb that says, “If you want to go quickly, go alone. If you want to go far, go together.” We need to go far, quickly.

We must abandon the conceit that individual, isolated, private actions are the answer. They can and do help. But they will not take us far enough without collective action. At the same time, we must ensure that in mobilizing globally, we do not invite the establishment of ideological conformity and a new lock-step “ism.”That means adopting principles, values, laws, and treaties that release creativity and initiative at every level of society in multifold responses originating concurrently and spontaneously.

This new consciousness requires expanding the possibilities inherent in all humanity. The innovators who will devise a new way to harness the sun’s energy for pennies or invent an engine that’s carbon negative may live in Lagos or Mumbai or Montevideo. We must ensure that entrepreneurs and inventors everywhere on the globe have the chance to change the world.

When we unite for a moral purpose that is manifestly good and true, the spiritual energy unleashed can transform us. The generation that defeated fascism throughout the world in the 1940s found, in rising to meet their awesome challenge, that they had gained the moral authority and long-term vision to launch the Marshall Plan, the United Nations, and a new level of global cooperation and foresight that unified Europe and facilitated the emergence of democracy and prosperity in Germany, Japan, Italy and much of the world. One of their visionary leaders said, “It is time we steered by the stars and not by the lights of every passing ship.”

In the last year of that war, you gave the Peace Prize to a man from my hometown of 2000 people, Carthage, Tennessee. Cordell Hull was described by Franklin Roosevelt as the “Father of the United Nations.” He was an inspiration and hero to my own father, who followed Hull in the Congress and the U.S. Senate and in his commitment to world peace and global cooperation.

My parents spoke often of Hull, always in tones of reverence and admiration. Eight weeks ago, when you announced this prize, the deepest emotion I felt was when I saw the headline in my hometown paper that simply noted I had won the same prize that Cordell Hull had won. In that moment, I knew what my father and mother would have felt were they alive.

Just as Hull’s generation found moral authority in rising to solve the world crisis caused by fascism, so too can we find our greatest opportunity in rising to solve the climate crisis. In the Kanji characters used in both Chinese and Japanese, “crisis” is written with two symbols, the first meaning “danger,” the second “opportunity.” By facing and removing the danger of the climate crisis, we have the opportunity to gain the moral authority and vision to vastly increase our own capacity to solve other crises that have been too long ignored.

We must understand the connections between the climate crisis and the afflictions of poverty, hunger, HIV-Aids and other pandemics. As these problems are linked, so too must be their solutions. We must begin by making the common rescue of the global environment the central organizing principle of the world community.

Fifteen years ago, I made that case at the “Earth Summit” in Rio de Janeiro. Ten years ago, I presented it in Kyoto. This week, I will urge the delegates in Bali to adopt a bold mandate for a treaty that establishes a universal global cap on emissions and uses the market in emissions trading to efficiently allocate resources to the most effective opportunities for speedy reductions.

This treaty should be ratified and brought into effect everywhere in the world by the beginning of 2010 — two years sooner than presently contemplated. The pace of our response must be accelerated to match the accelerating pace of the crisis itself.

Heads of state should meet early next year to review what was accomplished in Bali and take personal responsibility for addressing this crisis. It is not unreasonable to ask, given the gravity of our circumstances, that these heads of state meet every three months until the treaty is completed.

We also need a moratorium on the construction of any new generating facility that burns coal without the capacity to safely trap and store carbon dioxide.

And most important of all, we need to put a price on carbon — with a CO2 tax that is then rebated back to the people, progressively, according to the laws of each nation, in ways that shift the burden of taxation from employment to pollution. This is by far the most effective and simplest way to accelerate solutions to this crisis.

The world needs an alliance — especially of those nations that weigh heaviest in the scales where earth is in the balance. I salute Europe and Japan for the steps they’ve taken in recent years to meet the challenge, and the new government in Australia, which has made solving the climate crisis its first priority.

But the outcome will be decisively influenced by two nations that are now failing to do enough: the United States and China. While India is also growing fast in importance, it should be absolutely clear that it is the two largest CO2 emitters — most of all, my own country —- that will need to make the boldest moves, or stand accountable before history for their failure to act.

Both countries should stop using the other’s behavior as an excuse for stalemate and instead develop an agenda for mutual survival in a shared global environment.

These are the last few years of decision, but they can be the first years of a bright and hopeful future if we do what we must. No one should believe a solution will be found without effort, without cost, without change. Let us acknowledge that if we wish to redeem squandered time and speak again with moral authority, then these are the hard truths:

The way ahead is difficult. The outer boundary of what we currently believe is feasible is still far short of what we actually must do. Moreover, between here and there, across the unknown, falls the shadow.That is just another way of saying that we have to expand the boundaries of what is possible. In the words of the Spanish poet, Antonio Machado, “Pathwalker, there is no path. You must make the path as you walk.”We are standing at the most fateful fork in that path. So I want to end as I began, with a vision of two futures — each a palpable possibility — and with a prayer that we will see with vivid clarity the necessity of choosing between those two futures, and the urgency of making the right choice now.

The great Norwegian playwright, Henrik Ibsen, wrote, “One of these days, the younger generation will come knocking at my door.”The future is knocking at our door right now. Make no mistake, the next generation will ask us one of two questions. Either they will ask: “What were you thinking; why didn’t you act?”

Or they will ask instead: “How did you find the moral courage to rise and successfully resolve a crisis that so many said was impossible to solve?”We have everything we need to get started, save perhaps political will, but political will is a renewable resource.So let us renew it, and say together: “We have a purpose. We are many. For this purpose we will rise, and we will act."